Patients with retinitis pigmentosa who received hyperbaric oxygen did not show deterioration in electroretinographic response (ERG), and a small proportion improved.

 Clinical Bottom Line:

1. HBO administration prevented deterioration in electroretinographic responses over 3 years.

2. HBO administration increased mean electroretinographic responses over the 3 years of the study, but only a small proportion of subjects improved.

Citation:

1. Vingolo E, Pelaia, Forte R. Rocco M, Giusti C, Rispole E. Does hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) delivery rescue retinal photoreceptors in retinitis pigmentosa? Documenta Opthalmologica 97: 33-39, 1999

 

Three-part Clinical Question: For patients with retinitis pigmentosa, does hyperbaric oxygen therapy (when compared to no treatment) modify  electroretinographic responses?

Search Terms: hyperbaric oxygenation, retinitis pigmentosa

 

The Study:

Non-blinded randomised controlled trial with intention-to-treat.

The Study Patients:  A diagnosis of retinitis pigmentosa with clearly identified inheritance. Specific criteria  and electroretinographic (ERG) data were utilised to aid diagnosis.

Control group (N = 24; 24 analysed): No specific treatment.

Experimental group (N = 24; 24 analysed): Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (Schedule: 100% O2 at 2.2 ATA for 90 mins). 1st month: 5 treatments per week. Next 11 months: one week of treatments per month. Year 2 and 3: one week of treatments every 3 months.

 

The Evidence:

Outcome

Time to Outcome

Control group

Hyperbaric group

Relative risk reduction

ARR

NNT

ERG  improved

3 years

0

.11

INF

-0.11

9

95% CI:

 

 

 

 

-0.24 to 0.02

NNT = 4 to INF NNH = 66 to INF

ERG  deteriorated

3 years

0.62

0

100%

0.62

2

95% CI:

 

 

 

 

0.43 to 0.81

1 to 2

 

Measure

Control Group Mean

SD

HBO Group Mean

SD

Difference

95% CI

ERG b-wave amplitude in microV at 1 year

5.04

3.07

8.46

5.71

3.42

0.76 to 6.09

ERG b-wave amplitude in microV at 2 years

3.46

2.77

10.7

7.6

7.24

3.92 to 10.57

ERG b-wave microV at 3 years

2.97

3.61

14.4

11.7

11.43

16.46 to-6.40

 

Comments:

1. Small study with highly defined patient population. Severely affected individuals were excluded.

2. This study suggests that treatment with HBO will prevent ERG deterioration in 1 out every 2 patients over 3 years.

3. Visual acuity was not estimated in this study and ERG response may not equate with important changes in visual acuity.

 

Appraised by: Juliette Leverment and Mike Bennett

Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney; Friday, 6 December 2002

Email: jullietteleverment@hotmail.com

Kill or Update By:  October 2003